高中教学教案8篇
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高中教学教案篇1
教学目标
1.明确等差数列的定义.
2.掌握等差数列的通项公式,会解决知道中的三个,求另外一个的问题
3.培养学生观察、归纳能力.
教学重点
1. 等差数列的概念;
2. 等差数列的通项公式
教学难点
等差数列“等差”特点的理解、把握和应用
教具准备
投影片1张
教学过程
(i)复习回顾
师:上两节课我们共同学习了数列的定义及给出数列的两种方法通项公式和递推公式。这两个公式从不同的角度反映数列的特点,下面看一些例子。(放投影片)
(Ⅱ)讲授新课
师:看这些数列有什么共同的特点?
1,2,3,4,5,6; ①
10,8,6,4,2,…; ②
生:积极思考,找上述数列共同特点。
对于数列①(1≤n≤6);(2≤n≤6)
对于数列②-2n(n≥1)(n≥2)
对于数列③(n≥1)(n≥2)
共同特点:从第2项起,第一项与它的前一项的差都等于同一个常数。
师:也就是说,这些数列均具有相邻两项之差“相等”的特点。具有这种特点的数列,我们把它叫做等差数。
一、定义:
等差数列:一般地,如果一个数列从第2项起,每一项与空的前一项的差等于同一个常数,那么这个数列就叫做等差数列,这个常数叫做等差数列的公差,通常用字母d表示。
如:上述3个数列都是等差数列,它们的公差依次是1,-2, 。
二、等差数列的通项公式
师:等差数列定义是由一数列相邻两项之间关系而得。若一等差数列的首项是,公差是d,则据其定义可得:
若将这n-1个等式相加,则可得:
即:即:即:……
由此可得:师:看来,若已知一数列为等差数列,则只要知其首项和公差d,便可求得其通项。
如数列①(1≤n≤6)
数列②:(n≥1)
数列③:(n≥1)
由上述关系还可得:即:则:=如:三、例题讲解
例1:(1)求等差数列8,5,2…的第20项
(2)-401是不是等差数列-5,-9,-13…的项?如果是,是第几项?
解:(1)由n=20,得(2)由得数列通项公式为:由题意可知,本题是要回答是否存在正整数n,使得-401=-5-4(n-1)成立解之得n=100,即-401是这个数列的第100项。
(Ⅲ)课堂练习
生:(口答)课本p118练习3
(书面练习)课本p117练习1
师:组织学生自评练习(同桌讨论)
(Ⅳ)课时小结
师:本节主要内容为:①等差数列定义。
即(n≥2)
②等差数列通项公式 (n≥1)
推导出公式:
(v)课后作业
一、课本p118习题3.2 1,2
二、1.预习内容:课本p116例2p117例4
2.预习提纲:
①如何应用等差数列的定义及通项公式解决一些相关问题?
②等差数列有哪些性质?
高中教学教案篇2
1. 与某人友好相处 get along well with sb.
2. 一次突然的数学考试 a surprise math test
3. 对……感到惭愧 be / feel ashamed of …
4. 下定决心去做某事 be determined to do sth.
5. 信守诺言 keep one’s word
6. 对着某人大叫 yell at sb.
7. 不能忍受(去做)某事 can’t stand (doing) sth.
8. 向某人道歉 apologize to sb. / make an apology to sb.
9. 一次难以忘怀的经历 an unforgettable experience
10.完全有权利做某事 have every right to do sth.
11.嫉妒某人/某事 feel jealous of …
12.当众使某人尴尬 embarrass sb. in public
13.首先(强调顺序) first of all
14.熬夜 stay up at night / stay late into the night
15.使某人提起精神 cheer sb. up
16.参加学校羽毛球队 join the school badminton team
17.等不及去做某事 can’t wait to do sth.
18.在网上聊天 chat on the internet / chat online
19.阻止某人去做某事 discourage sb. from doing sth.
20.提及,说起 speak of
21.提前 in advance
22.打通……的电话 get through to …
23.除了……之外 apart from
24.替某人保守秘密 keep sb’s secret / keep the secret for sb.
25.责备某人(做了)某事 blame sb. for (doing) sth.
26.将……归咎/归罪于某人 blame sb. for sth. / blame sth. on sb.
lay / put the blame on sb. for …
27.因……而应受谴责/应负责任 (sb.) be to blame for … (不用被动语态)
28.全神贯注于…… be absorbed in …
29.到底,究竟 in the world
30.对……有不同的态度 have / take different attitudes towards …
31.迟豫于去做某事 hesitate to do sth.
32.毫不犹豫地 without hesitation
33.毫无疑问 without doubt
34.以……为基础/依据 be based on / upon …
35.彼此,互相 one another / each other
36.另一方面 on the other hand
37.不管,不顾 regardless of (prep.)
38.搜寻,寻找 search for / look for
39.加入到救援行动中 be involved in the rescue mission
40.日出/日落时分 at sunrise / at sunset
41.首要的是,最重要的是 above all
42.平静/镇定下来 calm down (vi.)
43.使某人/某人自己平静下来 calm sb. / oneself down (vt.)
44.承认(做过)某事 admit sth. / doing sth. / that …
45.准许某人进入公园/准许入学 admit sb. to the park / the school
46.对准焦距;集中(注意/关心)于…… focus … on …
47.结果 as a result
48.由于,因为 as a result of / because of
49.导致,造成 lead to / result in / contribute to
50.由……所引起 result from
51.对某人刻薄 be mean to sb.
52.对某人残忍 be cruel to sb.
53.某人不太可能做某事 (sb.) be unlikely to do sth.
54.推迟做某事 delay / put off doing sth.
55.渴望去做某事 be anxious to do sth.
56.为……焦急 be anxious about …
57.遭受严重的污染 suffer from serious pollution
58.与……一致 be consistent with …
59.由于某种原因 for one reason or another
60.肯定 for sure
高中教学教案篇3
高一英语导学提纲(4)
m3u3 reading
第一课时
课前导学
一. 预习:
阅读p42-43的文章,完成c1,c2 and d1,d2,e
find out the facts and historical information about the two cities.
pompeii time event
in the 8th century
in 89 bc
on 24th aug. ad 79
in 1860
loulan years ago
from ad 200 to ad 500
100 years ago
迁移创新
both pompeii in ________and loulan in china became ____ ________ about 2000 years ago. pompeii was ________ in the 8th century bc and was _____ _______ by the romans in 89bc. on 24th aug.ad79, mount vesuvius _________ and the city were _______ __________. loulan was a _________ _________ on the silk road. it disappeared under the ________. there are just a few _________ left. some _________, such as coins and painted pots, was found.
质疑讨论
请提出预习中存在的问题。
1. __________________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________________
第二课时
课前导学
重要短语
1 失落的文明_______________ 2 赢得一席之地________________
3 夺取;接管______________ 4 被活埋_________________
5 在下雨天____________ 6 变成;转向;求助于___________
7 被…覆盖______________ 8 去往某处_________________
9 和;加之_______________ 10 阻止某人做某事_____________
句型
1. i feel lucky to have won a place on this trip.(l1)
?点拨】
句中的to have won a place on this trip是不定式短语作状语,表示________.
to have won是不定式的________式,表示不定式的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态___________。
不定式的一般式to do表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态___________。
bell is considered to ________________ the telephone.
贝尔被认为发明了电话。
she seems _____________________.
她好像曾经当过护士.
he is said __________________ next year.
据说他明年要出国。
2. near the city was a volcano called vesuvius.(l8)
?点拨】
本句是_____________.当句首为表示地点的介词短语,谓语动词是be, stand, sit, lie, come等动词时,为了保证句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密,常使用______结构。
at the foot of the mountain stands a temple.
山脚下有一座庙。
inside the bag ____ a cellphone.
包里是一部手机。
in front of the house _______ an old man.
一个老太太坐在房前。
?提醒】当主语是代词时不用_________.
away they went.
here he comes.
3. unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, and so was the city. (p.42)
?点拨1】
此句中的alive是作主语补足语,意思是“活着的”。
alive还可引申为“有活力的;有生气的;活跃的”,常作表语、宾补、主补及后置定语。
is the fish dead or alive? 这鱼是死的,还是活的?
there aren’t many pandas alive in the world today. 目前世界上活着的熊猫数量不多。
?点拨2】
so + 情态动词/助动词 + sb./sth 是一个倒装句型结构,表示上文中某人/物怎样,下文中的某人/物也怎样,其中情态动词、助动词和系动词在人称、数上要与下文的主语保持一致,在时态上与上文相一致。表否定时用neither或nor.
tom has been to beijing many times, and _________ my brother michael.
peter played basket yesterday afternoon, and ______ jack.
if you can do it, so ______ i. 如果你能做,我也能做。
if you go there, so ______ i. 如果你去, 我也将去。
tom has never been to beijing many times, _________ my brother michael.
peter didn’t play basket yesterday afternoon, _________ jack.
if you don’t go to the cinema tonight, nor shall i. 你今天晚上不去看电影,我也不会去。
?提醒】
so it is with … 和it is the same with … 既用于肯定句,也用于否定句,陈述两种(以上)的情况。
4. the city was forgotten for many years until the 18th century when a farmer found some stone with writing on it. (l15)
?点拨】
此句中的with writing on it是个with的复合结构,
即“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”,这一结构的宾语补足语常见的有__________________等。
with much work to do, i had to stay at home.
因为有许多工作要做,我得呆在家。
the thief was brought in with his hands tied behind.
小偷被带进来,双手被绑在身后。
he left the small island with the fire burning.
他离开了小岛,火还燃烧着。
it’s impolite to talk with your mouth full.
满嘴东西交谈是不礼貌的。
the little boy ran along the street with nothing on.
小男孩顺着街跑,身上什么也没穿。
mr smith came into the classroom with a book in his left hand.
5. it is believed by many people to have been gradually covered by sandstorms from ad200 to ad 500.(l34)
?点拨】
本句使用了句型主语+be believed to do / to have done,常可以转化为
it is believed that…
it is believed that the environment will become better and better.
= the environment is ___________________ better and better.
he is said to have lost his wife in the fire.
= ____________________ his wife in the fire.
迁移创新:
单词巩固
1. things ____________(逐渐) improved.
2. it’s good to get back to ________(文明) after living in a tent in the remote area for two weeks.
3. it’s many years since mount vesuvius last _________(爆发).
4.___________(不幸的是), we arrived too late to catch the place.
5. i work for a __________(商业的) radio station.
6. the policeman let me off with a l_________ about speeding.
7. he was very attentive with his head b_________ in a newspaper.
8. chen kaige is one of the famous d________ in china.
9. the terrible fire d_________ most of the buildings within 20 minutes.
10. building m_________ are more and more expensive nowadays.
单项选择
1 with a lot of difficult problems _______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
a. settle b. settling c. to settle d. being settled
2 i have already seen that interesting film.____.
a. so does he b. so has he c. so he does d. so he has
3 he has been able to tell us about active volcanoes than any man _______.
a. live b. lively c. alive d. living
4 who do you think will _____ the company if the manager retired?
a. take over b. take off c. take in d. take on
5 --- is she in yancheng now?
--- i’m afraid not. she is said _____ abroad for two years.
a. to be b. to have been c. has been d. being
6 we were all happy _____ 51 gold medals in all in the 29th olympic games.
a. to win b. won c. winning d. to have won
7 nobody can _____ us _____ getting married. which of the following is wrong?
a. protect; from b. prevent; from c. forbid; / d. keep; from
8 the lady ______ herself mary was the hostess of this party.
a. called b. who was called c. calling d. was called
9 i find the _____ of buildings _____ under the sand.
a. remaining; buried b. remainders, bury c. remains; buried d. remains, burying
10 the most important thing about ancient civilizations is _____ part that they played in ____history.
a. 不填;不填 b. the; 不填 c. the; the d. a; the
课前导学
time events
in the 8th century it was founded.
in 89 bc it was taken over by the romans.
on 24th aug. ad 79 volcano vesuvius erupted.
in the 18th century it was discovered.
in 1860 giuseppe fiorelli was made director of the pompeii dig.
loulan 2000 years ago it was founded
from ad 200 to ad 500 it was covered over by sandstorms.
100 years ago the swedish explorer sven hedin discovered the ruins of loulan.
迁移创新
italy/lost civilizations/founded/took over/erupted/buried/stopping point/sand/ruins/treasures
重要短语
1 lost civilizations
2 win a place
3 took over
4 be buried alive
5 on rainy days
6 turn to
7 be covered over
8 be off to
9 together with
10 prevent…from
句型
1 原因/完成/之前/之后
have invented / to have been a nurse / to go abroad
2 倒装句/倒装
is / sits / 倒装
3 so has / so did / will / will / neither/nor has / neither/nor did
4 to do/doing/ done/prep. phrase/adj./adv.
5 believed to become
it is said that he has lost
单词巩固
1 gradually
2 civilizations
3 erupted
4 unfortunately
5 commercial
6 lecture
7 buried
8 directors
9 destroyed
10 materials
cbcab/daccb
高中教学教案篇4
by xu weiliang
teaching aims:
1. learn how to design a poster.
2. cultivate the students’ abilities of listening, reading and speaking..
difficult & important points:
1. listen and draw conclusions
2. read for information
3. present your point of view
teaching methods:
task-based teaching,
practice
teaching aids:
a projector.
a computer.
procedure:
step 1 lead in
environment protection is very important, so we should do our best to protect it.
then ask students what we can do.
we can design a post to educate people.
how do we design a poster.
step 2 skills building 1
listening and drawing conclusions
when you draw conclusions, you think about a situation and the information you have, and try to decide what it means. sometimes all the information you need about a subject is not included in the source you are listening to. this is when you must draw a conclusion. for example:
if you hear’ yet another skyscraper has been built in shanghai.’
what can you conclude?
there are already some skyscrapers in shanghai.
if you hear the following dialogue
man: the train is going to be late today.
woman: i’m not surprised.
what can you conclude?
the train is often late.
practice
a .listen to these short descriptions from news reports and draw a conclusion about what kind of natural disaster occurred in each situation.
b. listen to the news report and decide if each conclusion below is logical. if it is, tick(√) the box
1. the fires have been burning for quite some time.
2. many people have lost their homes.
3. the police suspect citizens of los angeles helped start the fires.
4. the reporter thinks it is very sad that old trees will be burnt.
5. the fire department has given up hope of stopping the fires.
step 1: listening to a lecture
a. your science teacher has asked your group to make a poster about desertification for a nationwide contest. before you can begin your poster, you must learn about desertification. listen to your teacher’s lecture and collect information about your topic.
1.what is desertification?_________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2.where does it happen?_________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
3.how are people affected by it?___________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
4.why does it happen?___________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
5.who should be concerned?______________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
b. check your understanding of what you have just heard. read the following statements and match them with the conclusions that can be made from them.
1. your teacher wants you to help educate people about desertification.
2. a desert is an area of dry land. desertification is what we call it when land turns into desert.
3. people plant things without giving the land a chance to rest.
4. the wind carries sand from the deserts to the cities, causing air pollution.
a. the ending –ification means a process.
b. one way to stop desertification is to allow the land a chance to rest between plantings.
c. some people become ill after breathing this air.
d. many people around the world do not know about desertification.
step 3 skill building 2
reading for information
when we read for information, we look for specific information that we need. we read different sources to find different types of information. we often scan the text while looking for the specific information that we require.
practice
a. in pairs, think of reasons why you might want to read the following.
1. a newspaper
a_________________
b_________________
2. a plane ticket
a_________________
b_________________
3. a magazine
a_________________
b_________________
4. a website
a_________________
b_________________
5. a bus timetable
a_________________
b_________________
6. an advertisement
a_________________
b_________________
b. read the following from a newspaper and underline the information which answers the questions that follow.
step 2: listening to a lecture
a. you found this article about desertification during your research.. read it and underline all of solutions to desertification it mentions.
b.your teacher has asked you to include a list of three things students can do to help stop desertification in your poster. work in groups and write your answers in the space below.
1. _____________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________
step 4 skills building 3
presenting your point of view
when you present your point of view, you usually want people to accept your ideas. there are certain things you can do to make what you say more polite so that people will be more likely to agree with you.
you can use these words to help you introduce your point of view:
i think / believe that…
from my point of view it seems that…
it seems to me that…
personally i agree / disagree because
use these words to explain your point of view:
because… as a result of…
due to… on account of…
practice
a. match the beginning of each sentence in the left-hand column with an appropriate ending in the right-hand column. write the correct letters in the blanks.
1. i believe that things
cost more in cities.
2. as a result of last year’s poor
test scores,
3. this winter has been very cold;
4. personally, i agree with wei li
5. i disagree with that score because
6. it seems to me that due to his mistake
a.students are being given more homework.
b. because i think she has the right idea.
c. because of the higher wages people make.
d.therefore i have worn my down coat every day.
e. we will all get in trouble.
f. the result i got was much higher.
b. discuss this list of things people can do to help the environment. rank them in the order from most important (1) to least important (8).
turn off the tap when you are cleaning your teeth.
recycle paper and glass.
use unleaded petrol in cars.
walk or cycle everywhere.
turn off the lights when you are not in a room.
take a bag with you when you go shopping.
get something repaired rather than buy a new one.
use both sides of a sheet of paper.
step 3: designing a poster
a. you interviewed several experts on desertification, read their viewpoints and discuss which one you agree with and which one your group plans to focus its poster on.
b. you have decided to focus on the following areas in your poster. discuss the questions below with your group.
1. how can desertification be prevented?
2. can areas of desert be turned back into farmland and forests?
3. is desertification a global problem?
4. why is it important to fight desertification?
5. what progress has been made to fight desertification so far?
6. can young people do anything to help fight this problem?
c. discuss the content and layout of your poster with your group. use the space below to help with your planning.
heading________________________________
_______________________________________
content______________________________________
_________________________________
pictures / layout_________________________
_______________________________________
step 5 homework
design a poster with your group.
高中教学教案篇5
Ⅰ. 不定式句法功能
1. 作主语:the cat said, “to take roller coaster” is terrible.
不定式短语作主语时,可以直接放在句首,但在很多情况下,尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中,往往放在谓语之后,而用先行代词it作形式主语。
→ the cat said, “it’s terrible to take roller coaster.”
how long did it take you to take roller coaster?
how terrible it is to take roller coaster?
不定式作主语常见句型:
a) it is + adj. (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式
b) it is + n. (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + 不定式
eg. it’s my duty to teach you how to be a student of no.3 middle school.
c) it takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式
eg. it requires patience to be a good teacher.
2. 作表语:当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时,后面可以用不定式做表语,用以说明主语所包含内容。
eg. our most important task now is to make a plan.
注:作表语的不定式都带to,但当主语部分有实义动词do时,to可以省略。
eg. the only thing we can do now is wait and see.
3.作宾语
the cat said “remember not to take it next time!”.
a) 可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, afford, tend, ask, decide, determine, expect, fail, hope, learn, intend, manage, offer, plan, promise, refuse, want, wish等
天津卷12题:i don’t want _____ like i’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.
a. to sound b. to be sounded c. sounding d. to have sounded
当不定式短语比宾补长时,往往将不定式放到宾补后,而用先行代词it作形式宾语,常用动词有feel, think, find, believe, consider, make等。
the cat felt it terrible to take roller coaster.
b) 不定式一般不作介词的宾语,只有少数介词如but, except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to,如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词都是实义动词do, does, did时,通常省略to。
eg. we have no choice but to wait.
cf. we can do nothing but wait.
4. 宾语补足语
在svoc句型中,许多动词都可以按不定式作宾语补足语。
a) 通常作宾语补语的不定式要带to,常用于以下动词之后:ask, tell, advise, allow, enable, expect, force, get, like, order, teach, want, invite, wish, beg等
you should get them to help you.
但在谓语动词believe, find, think, feel, consider, suppose, imagine, prove等后面跟to be…作宾补,不跟to do…
eg. they believe him to be honest.
b) 以下两类动词后跟不定式作宾补时不能带to
①一些表示“致使”意义的动词,如:let, have, make等
②一些表示感觉的动词,如:hear, feel, see, watch, notice等
don’t let the children trouble you.
i heard someone open the door.
但当这两类动词为被动态时,不定式就成了主补。作主补的不定式必须加上to
his father made him go to bed early.
→he was made to go to bed early by his father.
5. 作定语
不定式可以在句子充当后置定语,修饰名词。
以下几类情况常用不定式作定语:
①能带不定式作宾语的动词,其同源名词可以带不定式作定语。常见的有attempt, decision, promise, plan等
eg. he hasn’t kept his promise to write to his parents regularly.
②常与不定式搭配的形容词,其同源名词一般可以用不定式作定语。常见的有ability, determination, anxiety, eagerness等
eg. his eagerness to finish his homework was quite clear.
③序数词形容词最高级或被only, last, next等修饰的名词可以用不定式作定语:
she was the only person to survive after the earthquake.
tips: 不定式在作定语时,有时与被修饰的名词有意义上的主谓关系、同位关系、动宾关系,如果该不定式是不及物动词,它后面需要加上适当介词。
eg. he’s always the first to come and the last to leave. 主谓关系
i’ve no time to listen to your excuse. 同位关系
she has a meeting to attend. (动宾关系=attend a meeting)
there’s nothing to worry about. (动宾关系=worry about nothing)
6. 作状语
不定式可以作状语,表示目的、结果、原因、条件等。
①to…, in order to …, so as to …(不能放在句首)作目的状语
20辽宁卷22题:all these gifts must be mailed immediately _____ in time for christmas.
a. in order to have received b. in order to receive c. so as to be received d. so as to be receiving
②在so…as to, such….as to, only to …结构中不定式作结果状语,其中only to…用于表示意想不到的结果。
he hurried to the station only to find the train had gone.
③enough to, too…to结构
eg. the boy isn’t old enough to go to school.
= the boy is too young to go to school.
④形容词(happy, glad, lucky, fortunate, surprised, angry, anxious, ready, quick, slow, cruel, clever等)+ 不定式结构
eg. i’m glad to meet you.
the question is different to answer.
he is hard to get along with.
7. 作插入语,用来说明说话人的态度、看法、对整个句子进行解释,如to be frank(坦白地说),to be sure(确实)等。
eg. to tell you the truth, i hate you.
8. 作同位语
eg. the order to start the general attack soon came.
不定式的复合结构,以it为形式主语或形式宾语引导的复合结构,如果其前的形容词是指行为的性质就用:for sb. to do sth.这种复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。
it is necessary for me to learn english well.
如果该形容词是指行为的性质,同时又指行为的人,则用of sb. to do sth.。这种句式中的常用形容词有:right, wrong, brave, careful, careless, clever, wise, stupid, cruel, foolish, good, honest, kind, nice, silly等。
eg. it’s very kind of you to come to see me.
连接代(副)词+不定式(包括whether, what, which, whom, where, when, how, 不包括why),在句中起名词的作用,通常跟在诸如tell, know, show, decide, learn, wonder, explain等动词后作宾、主语或表语。
eg. no one can tell me where to find john.
when to the exam is still unknown.
the problem is how to get enough money.
不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式
①不定式的进行式由to be + v-ing构成,用来表示谓语动词动作发生时,不定式的动作正在进行。
eg. some students pretended to be reading english when the teacher came in.
②不定式完成式由to have + v-ed构成,用来表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。
eg. 年江苏卷no.25
--- is bob still performing?
--- i’m afraid not. he is said _______ the stage already as he has become an official.
a. to have left b. to leave c. to have been d. to be left
答案是a
③不定式的被动式分为一般式被动to be v-ing和完成式被动to have been v-ed。当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式要用被动语态。
eg. it is an honour for me to be invited to the party.
the book is said to have been translated into many languages.
2005年辽宁卷no.22
all these gifts must be mailed immediately _____ in time for christmas.
a. in order to have received b. in order to receive c. so as to be received d. so as to be receiving
动名词
1. 动名词的句法功能:动名词由动词加ing构成,与现在分词的形式相同。动名词主要起名词作用,在句中担任主语、表语、宾语和定语。
①作主语,可以直接放在句首,也可以用先行代词it作为形式主语,而把动名词后置。
eg. seeing is believing. (眼见为实)
saying is easier than doing.
collecting stamps is a good hobby. (单个动名词短语作主语时,动词用单数)
动名词作主语还有以下两个习惯表答法:
it is no use (good) + 动名词:做某事没有用
eg. it’s no use crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收)
there is no + 动名词 (= it is impossible to do sth.)
eg. there is no knowing what may happen.(未来的事无法知道)
②作表语:通常是说明主语的内容,注意它与谓语动词进行时的区别
eg. his hobby is collecting stamps. (此句为svc结构) 可改为:collecting stamps is his hobby.
cf. he is collecting stamps. (is collecting是谓语动词进行时,此句为svo结构)
不能改为:collecting stamps is he.
③作宾语
a. 作及物动词 的宾语(enjoy, mind, finish, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, escape, pratise, suggest, keep(on), miss)
eg. 2005年上海卷no.32
he got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _____ the good opportunity.
a. to lose b. losing c. to be lost d. being lost
答案为b
有些动词(attempt, begin, continue, hate, like, love)后面既可以接不定式作宾语,也可以接动名词作宾语,意义差别不大。通常认为用动名词泛指一般的倾向性,用不定式则表示特定或具体某一种动作。
eg. i like swimming but i don’t like to swim in winter.
动词prefer后面接不定式作宾语时,句子结构与按动名词作宾语是不一样。
eg. i prefer to drive rather than to be driven.
i prefer driving to riding.
有些动词,如forget, remember, regret等,后面接动名词表示的动作先于谓语动词动作,不定式表示的动作后于谓语动词。
eg. 2005年北京卷no.30
when asked by police, he said that he remembered _____ at he party, but not ______.
a. to arrive, leaving b. to arrive, to leave c. arriving, leaving d. arriving, to leave
在下列句型中动名词作真正宾语:
动词+it(形式宾语)+宾补+动名词(真正宾语)
eg. i think it no use telling them.
we think it no good inviting to him.
b. 作介词的宾语
eg. 2005年浙江卷no.3
the president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour ______ his notes.
a. bringing up b. referring to c. looking for d. trying on
be used to doing 习惯于做;look forward to doing 盼望做;devote one’s life to doing 致力于做;spent time (in) doing 花时间做;be fond of doing 喜爱做;be good at doing 擅长做;be proud of doing 为做…而自豪;be tired of doing 对做…感到厌倦;feel like doing 欲想做; go on doing 继续做(原来的事);keep on doing 不停地做;what about doing 做…怎么样;think of doing 考虑做;be interested in doing 对做…感兴趣;have some difficulty/trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难;be busy (in) doing 忙于做;instead of doing 做…而不做…
eg. 2005年江苏卷no.23
everybody in the village likes jack because he is good at telling and ______ jokes.
a. turning up b. putting up c. making up d. showing up
答案为c
④作定语
动名词可作前置定语,表示所修饰的词的用途或目的,可用for改写;而现在分词作定语时,可用定语从句改写。
swimming pool waiting room walking stick
a sleeping car=a car for sleeping a sleeping child= a child who is sleeping
⑤作同位语
eg. that’s the queen’s full-time job, laying eggs. 这就是蚁后的专职工作--产卵。
2.动名词的逻辑主语
①人称代词做逻辑主语时应用所有格,即形容词性物主代词。
eg. do you minding my smoking here?
②逻辑主语是不定代词或指示代词时,很少用所有格,而用普通格。
eg. he was awakened by someone knocking the door.
there’s no need for that being done.
③逻辑主语是名词时,用所有格,但是如果名词为无生命物体时,则用普通格。
eg. mary’s laughing made tom angry.
there is no hoping of the factory making profit.
④在口语中,动名词如果不在句首,可以用名词普通格或人称代词宾格作逻辑主语。
eg. 2005年安徽卷no.34
i really can’t understand _____ her like that.
a. you treat b. you to treat c. why treat d. you treating
3. 动名词的完成式、一般式被动和完成式被动。
eg. after having finish his work, he went home.
he attended the meeting without being asked.
she never told me about her having been interviewed by the police.
高中教学教案篇6
教学设计方案 课题名称 中国建筑的特征 姓名 安秀平 工作单位 永清县第一中学 年级学科高二语文教材版本 人教版第五册 一、教学内容分析 中国建筑的特征》是人教版课程标准实验教材必修5教材中第十一课,是自然科学小论文,属于实用类文本。
本文的文脉:首先从地域分布和历史跨度方面说明中国建筑的影响。然后,重点分析中国建筑的九大特征。其次,探讨中国建筑的风格和手法(即“文法”问题)。最后,作者提出了“各民族的建筑之间的‘可译性’问题”。
梁思成先生是学贯中西的建筑家,认真品读课文,不仅能收获有关中国建筑学的科学知识,而且能从作者严谨的表述中,感受到作者心中涌动的强烈的民族情怀和高雅独特的审美境界。
无论是从全文来看,还是从每一部分来说,都条分缕析。所以,理清思路,归纳概括文章的要点,是突破本文的关键。按照作者叙述的详略,文章的第二部分和第三部分的本文掌握的重点。另外,本文中作者所提出了诸如 “文法”、“可译性”等新概念,对它们的准确理解不同于文学类文本,根据《课程标准》以及实际情况,须从局部内容的分层归纳上去解决问题的。 二、教学目标 知识教育目标:①理清文章思路,明确中国国建筑的特征。
②根据分层归纳概括 “文 法”“可译性”等重点词句的含义
能力培养目标:①学习本文科普文章的语言特色,并指导学生在说明文或议论
文写作中有意识地学习和借鉴。
②通过对课文的一些主要内容和观点展开讨论,提高学生探究
问题的能力。
情感培养目标 : 提高对我国建筑艺术的审美能力。激发学生对我国古代悠久
的建筑艺术的热爱之情。
教学重点:1、把握文章整体结构,理清思路,
2、掌握中国建筑的九大特征以及中国建筑的 “文 法”。
教学难点:1、对建筑术语如“所”“斗拱”“举架”的理解。
2、对作者提出的新概念“文法”“词汇”以及“可译性”的理解。 三、学习者特征分析 本文的教学对象是高二的学生,已经学过《宇宙的边疆》等自然科学小论文。因此,学生对这种科学小论文已经有一定的了解,知道其论述的严谨性,和语言的简介性。但对于文中提出的诸如“文法”、“可译性”等新概念,对其的准确理解还需要引导。 四、教学过程 一、新课导入
中国是一个历史悠久、文化灿烂的国家,不仅拥有巍峨的山川、秀美的河山,还有数不尽的名胜古迹、雄伟的古代建筑艺术。这些古老的建筑闪烁着中国人民的智慧和勤劳的光芒,它们究竟有何特色呢?今天我们就来学习梁思成的文章《中国建筑的特征》,从中我们一定能得出答案。
二、作者简介 (本节目标:了解作者生平经历)
梁思成(1901—1972),中国著名建筑学家,清华大学教授,广东省新会县人,中华人民共和国国徽和人民英雄纪念碑的主要设计者。“错批一人(马寅初),多生几亿;错批一人(梁思成),少了名城。”
三、分析课文 (本节目标:1把握全文的整体结构 2、中国建筑的九大特征及展开顺序 )
(一)默读文章,理出文章的结构脉络(段前标上序号)
第1-2段:从地域分布和历史跨度方面说明中国建筑的影响。
第3-13段:分析中国建筑的九大特征。
第14-19段:探讨中国建筑的风格和手法(“文法”)。
第20段:以提倡熟悉中国建筑的“文法”和“词汇”,建造新中国建筑作总结。
(二)探究九大“特征”的内涵、说明方法
1、个体建筑构成
讲立体构成,单个的建筑自下而上一般是由台基、主体(房屋)和屋顶三个主要部分构成的。(作诠释)
2、群体建筑构成
讲平面布局,一所房子由一个建筑群落组成,左右呈轴对称,主要房屋朝南,整个建筑群有主有从,有“户外的空间”。(举例子 打比方)
3、结构方法
介绍了中国建筑的结构方法,即以“木材做立柱和横梁”的框架结构,并解释了中国建筑的力学原理,指出这与现代的结构原则上是一样的。(举例子 作比较 列数字 打比方)
4、斗拱
出示斗拱图片。说明斗拱的作用,先描述“拱”是“弓形短木”,斗是“斗形方木块”,它们组合起来称“斗拱”。它不但可“用以减少立柱和横梁交接处的剪力”,还具有装饰作用。(列图表 举例子 摹状貌 下定义)
5、举折、举架
说明“举折,举架”的作用,即为了形成屋顶的斜坡或曲面。(下定义 摹状貌)
6、屋顶的装饰作用
介绍屋顶,指出它是“中国建筑中最主要的特征之一”,并在与其他建筑体系的比较中,盛称“翘起如翼”的屋顶是我们民族文化的骄傲。(作比较 引用)
7、颜色的选择——朱红
从着色方面介绍中国建筑的特征,指出“在使用颜色上,中国建筑是世界各建筑体系中最大胆的”,不但在大建筑物中使用朱红色,而且还大量用彩绘来装饰木架部件。(举例子 作比较)
8、部件的装饰作用
介绍中国建筑的装饰部件,大到结构部件、脊吻、瓦当,小到门窗、门环、角叶,都具有很鲜明的装饰形状或图案。(举例子)
9、建筑材料的装饰
说明中国建筑在用材方面的装饰特点,有色的琉璃砖瓦、油漆、木刻、石雕、砖雕等,无不尽显中国建筑的装饰特征。(作诠释)
(三)中国建筑的九大特征是什么顺序展开的?
1、由整体到局部
2、由主(结构)到次(装饰)
中 个别建筑构成 整
国 结构 群体建筑构成 体 总体特征
建 主 木材结构
筑 特征 斗拱
高中教学教案篇7
教学目标:
1、了解作品创作的时代背景,即19世纪末沙皇俄国的黑暗现实。
2、培养学生分析小说人物形象的能力。
3、学习本文运用肖像描写、语言描写、细节描写等塑造人物的方法。
教学重点:
1、利用插图及文本找“套子”。
2、理解别里科夫的典型形象与时代背景的关系。
教学难点:
1、别里科夫为什么能辖制全城?
2、分析别里科夫的性格特征及时代意义
教学方法:
1、引导学生反复阅读,找出表现别里科夫与众不同的生活及思想方式,从而更深刻地探究其时代意义。
2、研究性学习,联系实际,扩展作品丰富的内涵,启发学生多维思考作品折射出的现实意义。
课时安排:
一课时
教学步骤:
设置情境,激情导入:
咱们同学中有没有参加过葬礼的?你当时的心情是什么样的?
心情一般都是非常哀伤与悲痛的,可是生活中就有这么一个人,他的死却使人觉得是一件大快人心的事情,我们不禁要问,他生前到底是一个什么样的人呢?为什么人们对于他的死会有如此的态度呢?今天就让我们一起来揭开这个谜底。(打开多媒体)
教学过程,质疑讨论:
下面我们来看一下他生前的照片,谈谈“别里科夫”是怎样的一个形象,谈谈自己的感受。
(让学生结合插图找出别里科夫身上有形的套子)
有形的套子主要指生活方面的:
衣着打扮:晴天穿雨鞋和棉大衣,带雨伞;脸藏在竖起的衣领里;戴黑眼镜,穿羊毛衫,用棉花堵着耳朵眼。
生活习惯:把雨伞、表、削铅笔的小刀都统统装在套子里;一坐上马车,总要支起车棚;睡觉蒙头;卧室像箱子,床上挂帐子。
2、除了加在别里科夫身上有形的套子外,还有没有其他的套子存在,下面同学们再回到课本上找一找,看看课本上别里科夫的形象是怎样描述的?
(在课本上找出加在别里科夫身上的套子还有无形的套子)
无形的套子主要指思想方面的:
喜欢歌颂过去;用所教的古代语言躲避生活;只相信政府的告示和报纸文章;对不合规矩的事闷闷不乐;他经常说的一句话是“千万别闹出什么乱子来。”
(师)所有的这些特征都表明他是一个典型的“套中人”形象,首先是他古怪的行为方式。无论什么天气,他出门的时候总是套着雨靴,带着雨伞,穿者暖和的棉大衣,其次是他偏执的心理特征,他想给自己安上一个精神外壳,缩回过去,缩回古代,免受现实生活的刺激;他像害怕瘟疫一样害怕一切新事物,害怕一切超出平凡庸俗的生活常规以外的东西。让我们觉得别里科夫不止是具有怪癖,简直就是一个精神病患者了。他的语言套子似乎是最为“标准”“规范”的了。那句著名的口头禅“千万别闹出什么乱子”响彻他的一生,成了他的生活态度。这一套子禁锢着他,一直到死也没有解脱。
3、老师有一个疑问:他为什么要把自己装在套子里呢?
别里科夫之所以把自己装在套子里,是因为他顽固地维护旧制度、旧秩序,害怕和反对一切新生和进步的事物,因循守旧,保守反动。
4、我们都说爱情的魔力是神奇的,可以使冷酷的人变得温柔,使绝望的人又重燃希望之火,那么当神奇的爱情从天而降砸向别里科夫的时候,有没有打破这个套子呢?
(找同学复述爱情情节)
华连卡是一个快乐活泼开朗的,具有新思想,充满生命力的人物,敢想敢说敢做,如骑车事件,代表了一种新生的进步力量;相比较而然别里科夫则是一个封闭、怀旧、胆小多疑、性情孤僻的人,这样两个水火不相容的人,他们的爱情注定会以悲剧收场,就连爱情之剑都无法射穿裹在别里科夫身上的“套子”,可见这个“套子”实在是顽固不化,已经不能让他回到正常的生活中来了。
5、他不仅把自己装在套子里,还扩大套子的外延,去套他周围的人、学校以至全城都被他辖制了十几年,他仅仅是一个普通的教师,为什么他的威力会那么大呢?请同学找一找相关的段落。
“太太们到礼拜六不办家庭戏剧晚会,因为怕他听见;教士们当着他的面不敢吃荤,也不敢打牌。不敢大声说话,不敢写信,不敢交朋友,不敢看书,不敢周济穷人,不敢教人念书写字……”
我们说整个城市的人们是被一种恐惧笼罩着,就连别里科夫也是时时刻刻生活在一种恐惧当中,过着人不人鬼不鬼的生活,恐惧使他的同事们敢怒不敢言。而恐惧产生的根源是渗透在人骨子里的奴性和漠然,这一切都是谁造成的呢?让我们来了解一下当时的社会环境:
(多媒体投出背景介绍)
这篇小说反映了十九世纪末沙皇俄国的黑暗现实。1881年,沙皇亚历山大二世被刺身亡,继位的沙皇亚历山大三世加强了专制恐怖统治。受欧洲进步文明潮流的影响,俄国也兴起变革之风,尤其在进步的知识分子和贵族中间,要求自由民主,改变专制秩序的呼声日趋强烈,并付诸行动。面对汹涌的变革浪潮,沙皇政府采取一切暴力手段镇压,逮捕流放革命者,查封进步刊物,禁锢人们的思想言论。全国警探密布,告密者横行,一切反动势力纠合起来,对抗进步的潮流,竭力维护腐朽没落的沙皇统治。
通过背景补充我们知道,之所以别里科夫能辖制全城,是因为他的背后有强大的沙皇统治作为后盾,受沙皇政府的毒害,他的言行与思想都与沙皇专制制度一致,他自觉维护旧制度旧思想。
6、假如我是一个法制日报的记者,想现场采访一下参加别里科夫葬礼的人,对于别里科夫的死是一件大快人心的事,人们为什么不敲锣打鼓地庆贺呢?为什么说生活还那样压抑、沉闷呢?(用文中的话就可以回答这个问题,找同学读一下)
“虽然埋葬了别里科夫,可是这种装在套子里的人,却还有很多,将来也不知道还有多少呢!”别里科夫代表的是一类人的形象。埋葬了别里科夫,但生活中还有许多“别里科夫”。说明只要沙皇专制制度存在,就会有象别里科夫那样的套中人存在。要消灭这种装在套子里的胆小、保守的人,就要消灭适合他们生存的那种制度。任何一个时代,胆小、保守是要不得的,应该勇于创新,适应新的环境和新的潮流,这样才能跟上时代的潮流。
迁移训练:
读书破万卷下笔如有神,以上就是差异网为大家带来的5篇《高中高三语文《装在套子里的人》教案》,希望可以启发您的一些写作思路。
高中教学教案篇8
一、指导思想与理论依据
数学是一门培养人的思维,发展人的思维的重要学科。因此,在教学中,不仅要使学生“知其然”而且要使学生“知其所以然”。所以在学生为主体,教师为主导的原则下,要充分揭示获取知识和方法的思维过程。因此本节课我以建构主义的“创设问题情境——提出数学问题——尝试解决问题——验证解决方法”为主,主要采用观察、启发、类比、引导、探索相结合的教学方法。在教学手段上,则采用多媒体辅助教学,将抽象问题形象化,使教学目标体现的更加完美。
二、教材分析
三角函数的诱导公式是普通高中课程标准实验教科书(人教a版)数学必修四,第一章第三节的内容,其主要内容是三角函数诱导公式中的公式(二)至公式(六).本节是第一课时,教学内容为公式(二)、(三)、(四).教材要求通过学生在已经掌握的任意角的三角函数的定义和诱导公式(一)的基础上,利用对称思想发现任意角 与 、 、 终边的对称关系,发现他们与单位圆的交点坐标之间关系,进而发现他们的三角函数值的关系,即发现、掌握、应用三角函数的诱导公式公式(二)、(三)、(四).同时教材渗透了转化与化归等数学思想方法,为培养学生养成良好的学习习惯提出了要求.为此本节内容在三角函数中占有非常重要的地位.
三、学情分析
本节课的授课对象是本校高一(1)班全体同学,本班学生水平处于中等偏下,但本班学生具有善于动手的良好学习习惯,所以采用发现的教学方法应该能轻松的完成本节课的教学内容.
四、教学目标
(1).基础知识目标:理解诱导公式的发现过程,掌握正弦、余弦、正切的诱导公式;
(2).能力训练目标:能正确运用诱导公式求任意角的正弦、余弦、正切值,以及进行简单的三角函数求值与化简;
(3).创新素质目标:通过对公式的推导和运用,提高三角恒等变形的能力和渗透化归、数形结合的数学思想,提高学生分析问题、解决问题的能力;
(4).个性品质目标:通过诱导公式的学习和应用,感受事物之间的普通联系规律,运用化归等数学思想方法,揭示事物的本质属性,培养学生的唯物史观.
五、教学重点和难点
1.教学重点
理解并掌握诱导公式.
2.教学难点
正确运用诱导公式,求三角函数值,化简三角函数式.
六、教法学法以及预期效果分析
高中数学优秀教案高中数学教学设计与教学反思
“授人以鱼不如授之以鱼”, 作为一名老师,我们不仅要传授给学生数学知识,更重要的是传授给学生数学思想方法, 如何实现这一目的,要求我们每一位教者苦心钻研、认真探究.下面我从教法、学法、预期效果等三个方面做如下分析.
1.教法
数学教学是数学思维活动的教学,而不仅仅是数学活动的结果,数学学习的目的不仅仅是为了获得数学知识,更主要作用是为了训练人的思维技能,提高人的思维品质.
在本节课的教学过程中,本人以学生为主题,以发现为主线,尽力渗透类比、化归、数形结合等数学思想方法,采用提出问题、启发引导、共同探究、综合应用等教学模式,还给学生“时间”、“空间”, 由易到难,由特殊到一般,尽力营造轻松的学习环境,让学生体味学习的快乐和成功的喜悦.
2.学法
“现代的文盲不是不识字的人,而是没有掌握学习方法的人”,很多课堂教学常常以高起点、大容量、快推进的做法,以便教给学生更多的知识点,却忽略了学生接受知识需要时间消化,进而泯灭了学生学习的兴趣与热情.如何能让学生最大程度的消化知识,提高学习热情是教者必须思考的问题.
在本节课的教学过程中,本人引导学生的学法为思考问题、共同探讨、解决问题 简单应用、重现探索过程、练习巩固。让学生参与探索的全部过程,让学生在获取新知识及解决问题的方法后,合作交流、共同探索,使之由被动学习转化为主动的自主学习.
3.预期效果
本节课预期让学生能正确理解诱导公式的发现、证明过程,掌握诱导公式,并能熟练应用诱导公式了解一些简单的化简问题.
七、教学流程设计
(一)创设情景
1.复习锐角300,450,600的三角函数值;
2.复习任意角的三角函数定义;
3.问题:由 ,你能否知道sin2100的值吗?引如新课.
设计意图
高中数学优秀教案 高中数学教学设计与教学反思
自信的鼓励是增强学生学习数学的自信,简单易做的题加强了每个学生学习的热情,具体数据问题的出现,让学生既有好像会做的心理但又有迷惑的茫然,去发掘潜力期待寻找机会证明我能行,从而思考解决的办法.
(二)新知探究
1. 让学生发现300角的终边与2100角的终边之间有什么关系;
2.让学生发现300角的终边和2100角的终边与单位圆的交点的坐标有什么关系;
3.sin2100与sin300之间有什么关系.
设计意图:由特殊问题的引入,使学生容易了解,实现教学过程的平淡过度,为同学们探究发现任意角 与 的三角函数值的关系做好铺垫.
(三)问题一般化
探究??
1.探究发现任意角 的终边与 的终边关于原点对称;
2.探究发现任意角 的终边和 角的终边与单位圆的交点坐标关于原点对称;
3.探究发现任意角 与 的三角函数值的关系.
设计意图:首先应用单位圆,并以对称为载体,用联系的观点,把单位圆的性质与三角函数联系起来,数形结合,问题的设计提问从特殊到一般,从线对称到点对称到三角函数值之间的关系,逐步上升,一气呵成诱导公式二.同时也为学生将要自主发现、探索公式三和四起到示范作用,下面练习设计为了熟悉公式一,让学生感知到成功的喜悦,进而敢于挑战,敢于前进
(四)练习
利用诱导公式(二),口答三角函数值。
喜悦之后让我们重新启航,接受新的挑战,引入新的问题.
(五)问题变形
由sin3000= -sin600 出发,用三角的定义引导学生求出 sin(-3000),sin150 0值,让学生联想若已知sin3000= -sin600 ,能否求出sin(-3000),sin150 0)的值. 学生自主探究